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初中 · 人教版2025 · 七年级下册 · Unit 2
Section B 1b
Dear Dr Know
致万事通博士的信
Dear Dr Know, Help! There are too many rules in my life! Every morning, I have to make my bed before breakfast. I have to hurry to school because I can't be late for school. When I'm at school, I mustn't use my phone in class either. And I have to wear the uniform.
亲爱的万事通博士:请帮帮我!我生活中的规则实在太多了!每天早晨,我必须先把床铺整理好才能吃早饭。我必须匆匆赶往学校,因为上学不能迟到。在学校里,我也不能在课堂上使用手机,而且我必须穿校服。
rulehave tomake my bedbe late foruniformeither
have to vs must

have to 表示客观需要(外部要求),must 表示主观必须(自己认为)。I have to wear the uniform. (校规要求) / I must study harder. (自己觉得必须)

either 表示「也」(否定句)

either 用于否定句末尾,表示「也」。肯定句用 too。I can't use my phone either. (也不能用手机) / I like it too. (我也喜欢)

After school, there are even more rules! I have to finish my homework first. I can only play basketball after I practise the piano. I can't hang out with my friends on weekdays. I know some rules are important, but this is awful! What can I do? Yours, Alice
放学后,规则就更多了!我得先完成作业。我只有练好钢琴后才能打篮球。我也不能在上学日和朋友们出去玩。我知道有些规则很重要,但是这太糟糕了!我该怎么办呢?你的,爱丽丝
even morefinishpractisehang outweekdayawful
after 引导时间状语从句

after I practise the piano:我练完钢琴后。after 引导时间状语从句。主句和从句都用一般现在时表示规律性动作。

on weekdays 时间介词

on weekdays:在工作日。日期/星期前用 on。固定搭配:on Monday/Tuesday, on weekends

Dear Alice, Yes, there are many rules in life! But they can help you to become a better person. You mustn't be late for class. That shows respect for your class and teacher. You can't use your phone in class because you need to focus on learning. You have to wear a uniform because it builds school spirit.
亲爱的爱丽丝:是的,生活中有许多规则!但它们能帮你成为一个更好的人。你上课不能迟到,这展示了你对全班同学和老师的尊重。你不能在课堂上使用手机,因为你需要专心学习。你必须穿校服,因为它塑造学校精神。
becomebetterpersonrespectfocus onbuildspirit
mustn't 表示禁止

mustn't = must not,表示「禁止、绝不能」。You mustn't be late.(你绝不能迟到。)注意 don't have to(不必)与 mustn't(禁止)的区别。

because 说明原因

because you need to focus on learning:因为你需要专注学习。because 引导原因状语从句。注意 because 不与 so 连用。

You can also think about the things you can do! You can use your phone at home. You can relax after you finish your homework. And you can hang out with friends at weekends! I know it's hard, but rules can help to make the world better. Remember: No rules, no order! Best, Dr Know
你也可以想想你能做的事情!在家里,你可以使用手机。完成你的作业后,你可以放松一下。而在周末,你可以和朋友们出去玩!我知道这有难度,但规则能帮助这个世界变得更好。记住:不以规矩,不能成方圆!祝好,万事通博士
think aboutrelaxat weekendsmake the world better
can 表示许可

You can use your phone at home. 在家里你可以用手机。can 在此表示许可(允许)。否定 can't 表示不可以。

祈使句 Remember

Remember: No rules, no order! 记住!祈使句以动词原形开头。No rules, no order. = 没有规矩,不成方圆。

文化拓展
「No rules, no order」源自《孟子》「不以规矩,不能成方圆」,意为没有规则就没有秩序。这个理念在中西教育中都很受重视。
要点摘要
  • 第一段(Alice来信-上):Alice抱怨生活中的规则太多——早上铺床、不能迟到、不能在校用手机、必须穿校服。
  • 第二段(Alice来信-下):放学后规则更多——先写作业、练完琴才能打球、工作日不能出去玩,Alice感到非常苦恼。
  • 第三段(Dr Know回信-上):博士解释每条规则的意义——不迟到是尊重、不用手机是为专注学习、穿校服是塑造学校精神。
  • 第四段(Dr Know回信-下):博士引导Alice看到规则之外的自由——在家可用手机、周末可出去玩,总结:No rules, no order!
Section A 2a (Dialogue)
The New Student
新同学
Hi, I'm Anne. What's your name? Hello! I'm Tom. It's my first day here. It's nice to meet you, Tom! Is everything OK? Well, I can't find my pencil box. I think it's in my locker. Here, I can lend you my pen. Thanks! Would you like a sweet? No, thank you. We can't eat snacks in class. Can we drink water? Yes, of course.
嗨,我是安妮。你叫什么名字? 你好!我是汤姆。这是我第一天来这里。 很高兴认识你,汤姆!一切都好吗? 嗯,我找不到我的铅笔盒了。我想它在我的储物柜里。 嘿,我可以把我的钢笔借给你。 谢谢!你想来点糖果吗? 不用了,谢谢。我们不能在课堂上吃零食。 我们能喝水吗? 是的,当然可以。
everythinglockerlendsweetsnackof course
can 表示许可与能力

Can we drink water?(许可)我们能喝水吗?I can lend you my pen.(能力)我能借给你笔。can 既可表示能力也可表示许可。

OK, thanks ... Oh! I'm sorry. I have to answer my phone. Oh, but we mustn't bring our mobile phones to class. We have to turn them off and keep them in our lockers. That's another rule. OK! Thanks for telling me, Anne. You're welcome, Tom.
好的,谢谢……哦!对不起。我得接个电话。 哦,但是我们绝不能把手机带到课堂上。 我们必须把它们关掉,放在储物柜里。这是另一条规则。 好的!谢谢你告诉我,安妮。 不客气,汤姆。
answer the phonemobile phoneturn off
mustn't 表示禁止

We mustn't bring our phones.(我们绝不能带手机。)mustn't = 禁止。对比:don't have to = 不必。我们在学校不必戴帽子 = We don't have to wear hats.

have to 表示外部要求

We have to turn them off.(我们必须关掉它们。)have to 表示学校/规则要求我们必须这样做。

要点摘要
  • 安妮和汤姆的初次见面——汤姆第一天上学找不到铅笔盒,安妮借给他笔。
  • 安妮向汤姆说明校规——不能在课上吃零食、不能带手机、必须关手机放储物柜。