Conversation 1: Susan asks John what he wants to be when he grows up. John says he wants to be a fireman because his uncle is a firefighter and is like a hero to him. Susan asks how he's going to become a fireman. John says: 'I'm going to exercise every day, because a fireman needs to be strong.'
I'm going to exercise every day. be going to + 动词原形：表示已决定的计划或打算。与 will 的区别：be going to 侧重已有计划，will 侧重即时决定。
because 引导原因状语从句
because a fireman needs to be strong because + 从句，解释原因。注意：because 和 so 不能在同一句中同时使用。
Conversation 2: Jason asks Tina the same question. Tina wants to be a fashion designer. She's going to take art lessons and practise her drawing skills every day. Jason wants to be an IT engineer. He's going to work hard at maths and read more books about IT and AI.
Adam asks Fu Xing what she's reading. She says it's a book of essays by a famous Chinese writer. Adam realizes: 'Now I know why you're so good at writing.' Fu Xing reveals: 'I want to be a writer when I'm older.' Adam asks how she plans to do that. Fu Xing says: 'I'm going to read more classics. And also, I'm going to keep on writing stories and essays.'
I'm going to keep on writing stories. keep on + v-ing = 坚持做某事。类似：keep doing（持续做）。on 强调不间断。
be good at + v-ing/n
you're so good at writing be good at + 名词/动名词：擅长……。反义：be bad at / be poor at。
Adam shares his uncertainty: 'My parents want me to be a doctor, but I'm not sure about that.' Fu Xing comforts him: 'Don't worry. Not everyone knows what they want to be. Just make sure you try your best at school. Then you can do anything you want!'
make sure you try your best make sure + that 从句：确保……。make sure to do：确保去做。
anything you want（定语从句）
you can do anything you want anything you want = anything that you want。省略了关系代词 that。
要点摘要
付兴想当作家：多读经典+坚持写作
亚当迷茫：父母想让他当医生但自己不确定
付兴安慰：尽力就好，未来可期
Section B 1b
Making Resolutions
下定决心
Do you know what a resolution is? A resolution is a promise that you make to yourself. People make resolutions to improve their life. The most common kind is a New Year's resolution. After all, the start of the year is often a perfect time for making resolutions.
a promise that you make to yourself that 引导定语从句修饰 promise。that 在从句中作 make 的宾语。
to improve 表目的
to improve their life to + 动词原形作目的状语：为了改善生活。
Resolutions can be about anything. Some are about physical health. For example, some people may promise to exercise more or eat more healthily. Some resolutions have to do with learning new things. People might decide they are going to take up a hobby, like painting or photography. And some resolutions have to do with self-improvement, like becoming more confident or organized.
have to do with = 与……有关。have nothing to do with = 与……无关。
more + 副词原级
exercise more or eat more healthily more + 副词原级 = 比较级。healthily → more healthily（多音节副词）。
Although there are differences, most resolutions have one thing in common: People hardly ever keep them! But there are good reasons for this. Sometimes the resolutions may be too difficult to keep. And sometimes people just forget about them.
Although there are differences although = 虽然/尽管。注意：although 和 but 不能在同一句中同时使用。
too ... to do
too difficult to keep too + adj/adv + to do = 太……以至于不能……。= so difficult that people cannot keep them.
To make your resolutions work, you need to plan them wisely. Always make sure your resolution is possible to achieve. Don't set a goal that is too difficult or too much for you. Try to set mini-goals to help you achieve your resolution. And if you don't want to forget your resolutions, write them down. Also, talk about them with your family and friends. Encourage them to remind you of your goals.
Encourage them to remind you encourage sb to do sth = 鼓励某人做某事。类似结构：want/ask/tell sb to do。
remind sb of sth
remind you of your goals remind sb of sth = 提醒某人某事。remind sb to do = 提醒某人去做。
要点摘要
决心=对自己的承诺，常见于新年
三类决心：身体健康/学习新事物/自我提升
共同问题：人们几乎很难坚持（太难或忘记）
建议：设定可实现目标+小目标+写下来+告诉家人朋友
Section B 3a
New Year, New Me
新年新我
As the year draws to a close, it is the perfect time to think about the changes we want to make in the coming new year. We can improve our lives by learning something new, forming good habits, working harder at something, or even improving our relationships with others. I hope to make next year better than this one, so I am going to make three resolutions.
by learning something new by + v-ing = 通过做……方式。回答 how 的问题。
比较级 better than
make next year better than this one better than = 比……更好。one 指代 year，避免重复。
The first one is about taking up a new hobby. I am going to join the school music club to improve my singing! I think singing is a great activity. And my friends and family all love my singing. I am also going to get fitter. Besides jogging, I am going to do push-ups and sit-ups. I feel energetic after I exercise. I'm sure I'm going to be a healthier and happier person.
I am going to join / I am going to do / I am going to be be going to 连续使用，强调明确的计划和决心。
Last but not least, my English isn't good enough, so I am going to study for two more hours each weekend. It might be hard, but I am going to get a lot better at English!