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初中 · 人教版2025 · 八年级下册 · Unit 6
Section A 2d (Role-play)
The Story of Yu Gong
愚公的故事
Teacher: So what do you think about the story of Yu Gong? Wang Ming: I think it's really interesting. Yu Gong found a good way to solve his problem. Claudia: Really? I think it's a little bit silly. It doesn't seem very possible to move a mountain. Wang Ming: But the story is trying to show us that anything is possible if you work hard! Yu Gong kept trying and didn't give up. Claudia: Well, I still don't agree with you. I think we should try to find other ways to solve a problem. Wang Ming: But what could Yu Gong do instead of moving the mountains? Claudia: Well, there are many other ways. For example, he could build a road. That's better and faster than moving a mountain! Teacher: You have different opinions about the story, and neither of you are wrong. There are many sides to a story and many ways to understand it.
老师：那么你们觉得愚公的故事怎么样？ 王明：我觉得真的很有趣。愚公找到了一个解决问题的好方法。 Claudia：真的吗？我觉得这有点愚蠢。移走一座山似乎不太可能。 王明：但这个故事想告诉我们，只要努力，一切皆有可能！愚公一直坚持，没有放弃。 Claudia：嗯，我还是不同意你。我觉得我们应该尝试寻找其他方法来解决问题。 王明：但愚公除了移走山还能做什么呢？ Claudia：嗯，还有很多其他办法。比如他可以修一条路。那比移山更好更快！ 老师：你们对这个故事有不同的看法，你们两个都没错。一个故事有很多面，也有很多理解它的方式。
sillyweakremindbita little bitinstead ofgive up
neither 的用法

neither of you are wrong（你们两个都没错）neither of + 复数名词 = 两者都不（否定含义）。谓语可用单数或复数。

instead of + doing

What could Yu Gong do instead of moving the mountains?（愚公除了移山还能做什么？）instead of + n./doing = 代替/而不是。

文化拓展
愚公移山（Yu Gong Moves the Mountains）是中国古代寓言，出自《列子·汤问》。讲述愚公下定决心移走挡在家门前的太行、王屋二山，最终感动天帝派神帮助的故事。寓意坚持不懈、人定胜天。
要点摘要
  • 王明和Claudia讨论愚公移山——王明赞赏愚公坚持不放弃的精神；Claudia认为移山不现实，修路更实际。老师总结：故事有多面性，不同角度理解都是对的。
Section A 3a (Reading)
The Monkey King
美猴王
In November 1979, pupils in England were able to watch a new TV program called Monkey. Most of them were hearing this story for the first time. However, this story is not new to Chinese children. The Monkey King or Sun Wukong is the main character in the traditional Chinese book Journey to the West.
1979年11月，英国的小学生能看一部叫做《美猴王》的新电视节目了。他们中的大多数人是第一次听到这个故事。然而，这个故事对中国孩子来说并不新鲜。美猴王或者说孙悟空是中国传统名著《西游记》中的主角。
Westernobjecthidetailmagicstickexcitefor the first timebe able to
be able to 能力表达

pupils were able to watch a new TV program（小学生能看一部新电视节目）be able to = can，表示能力。过去式用 was/were able to。

文化拓展
《西游记》（Journey to the West）是中国四大名著之一，作者吴承恩。讲述了唐僧师徒四人（孙悟空、猪八戒、沙僧、白龙马）西天取经的故事。Monkey King（美猴王/孙悟空）是最受欢迎的角色。
The Monkey King is not just any normal monkey. In fact, he sometimes does not even look like a monkey! This is because he can make 72 changes to his shape and size, turning himself into different animals and objects. But unless he can hide his tail, he cannot turn himself into a person. To fight bad people, the Monkey King uses a magic stick. Sometimes he can make the stick so small that he can keep it in his ear. At other times, he is able to make it big and long.
美猴王不是一只普通的猴子。事实上，他有时甚至不像一只猴子！这是因为他能七十二变，把自己变成不同的动物和物体。但除非他把尾巴藏起来，他不能把自己变成人。为了打坏人，美猴王使用一根魔法棒。有时他能把棒子变得非常小，可以放进耳朵里。有时，他能把它变得又大又长。
turntailhidemagicstickobjectturn...intolook like
unless 条件状语从句

Unless he can hide his tail, he cannot turn himself into a person.（除非他把尾巴藏起来，否则不能变成人。）unless = if...not。Unless he can hide = If he can't hide。

so...that... 结果状语从句

make the stick so small that he can keep it in his ear（把棒子变得如此之小，可以放进耳朵里）so + 形容词 + that 从句。

文化拓展
七十二变是孙悟空的经典法术之一。金箍棒（magic stick）可随意变大变小，平时缩成绣花针大小藏在耳朵里，是中国神话中最著名的武器之一。
The Monkey King has excited the children of China for many years. And as soon as the TV program came out more than 30 years ago, Western children became interested in reading this story because the clever Monkey King keeps fighting to help the weak and never gives up.
美猴王已经让中国的孩子们兴奋了很多年。而且30多年前这个电视节目一播出，西方的孩子们就对这个故事产生了兴趣，因为聪明的美猴王一直为帮助弱者而战斗，从不放弃。
exciteWesternweakinterestas soon asbecome interested ingive up
as soon as 引导时间状语从句

As soon as the TV program came out, Western children became interested.（电视节目一播出，西方孩子就产生了兴趣。）as soon as = 一……就……，表示两个动作紧密相连。

keep doing 持续做

the clever Monkey King keeps fighting to help the weak（聪明的美猴王一直为帮助弱者而战斗）keep (on) doing = 持续/一直做某事。

要点摘要
  • 第一段：1979年英国孩子通过电视节目初识美猴王，但中国孩子早就熟悉《西游记》主角孙悟空。
  • 第二段：孙悟空的神通——七十二变（变动物/物体）、尾巴藏不住不能变人、金箍棒（可大可笑藏耳中）。
  • 第三段：美猴王影响力——长年吸引中国孩子，电视播出后西方孩子也爱上这个为弱者战斗永不放弃的角色。
Section B 2b (Reading)
Hansel and Gretel
汉塞尔与格雷特
Hansel and Gretel lived near a forest with their father and stepmother. One year, the weather was so dry that no food would grow. The wife told her husband that unless he left the children to die in the forest, the whole family would die. Gretel heard this, and Hansel made a plan to save himself and his sister.
汉塞尔和格雷特与父亲和继母住在森林附近。有一年，天气非常干旱，没有食物能生长。妻子告诉丈夫，除非他把孩子们留到森林中死去，否则全家都会死。格雷特听到了这个，汉塞尔制定了一个计划来救自己和妹妹。
stepsisterstoneshinebrightgroundleadvoice
so...that... 结果状语从句

the weather was so dry that no food would grow（天气如此干燥以至于没有食物能生长）so + 形容词 + that 从句。

unless 条件状语从句

unless he left the children to die in the forest, the whole family would die（除非他把孩子们留到森林中死去，否则全家都会死）unless = if...not，从句用一般过去式。

文化拓展
《汉塞尔与格雷特》（Hansel and Gretel）是格林童话中的经典故事，讲述兄妹被继母遗弃在森林中，用白色石头做标记回家，后来发现糖果屋被女巫抓住，最终智胜女巫逃脱的故事。
SCENE ONE: The children learn that something bad is going to happen. Wife: Get up, lazy children! Husband: Yes, dears. You must come with me to the forest to get wood. Wife: Here's some bread. Don't eat it until you get to the forest. Gretel: Hansel, what are we going to do? Hansel: Don't worry! I have a plan. SCENE TWO: The children walk to the forest with their father. Father: I'm sorry. I'm dropping white stones along the way. Unless I do, we'll be lost. Wait until the moon is shining bright. Then you'll be able to see the stones. Come on! SCENE THREE: The children get home. Wife: You bad children! What a long time you slept in the forest! Husband: We thought you were never coming back. Wife: Now, go to bed. As soon as you wake up, you must go to the forest with your father. Hansel: What, again? I want to go out to look at the moon. Wife: No. You can't go out now.
第一场：孩子们得知不好的事情即将发生。 妻子：起来，懒孩子！ 丈夫：是的，宝贝们。你们必须和我一起去森林砍木头。 妻子：这有些面包。到了森林再吃。 格雷特：汉塞尔，我们该怎么办？ 汉塞尔：别担心！我有个计划。 第二场：孩子们和父亲走去森林。 父亲：对不起。我沿路扔下白色石头。除非我这么做，我们会迷路的。等到月亮明亮地照耀时。然后你就能看到石头了。快走吧！ 第三场：孩子们到家。 妻子：你们这些坏孩子！你们在森林里睡了多久啊！ 丈夫：我们还以为你们不回来了。 妻子：现在，去睡觉。一醒来，你们就得和父亲去森林。 汉塞尔：什么，还去？我想出去看月亮。 妻子：不行。你现在不能出去。
woodstonedropshinebrightnot...untilalong the wayas soon as
祈使句 + and/or + 陈述句

Wait until the moon is shining bright. Then you'll be able to see the stones.（等到月亮明亮照耀时。然后你就能看到石头了。）表示条件/结果的含蓄表达。

戏剧文本格式

本文为剧本（play）格式：分场（SCENE），角色名+冒号+台词。动作说明用括号或斜体。这是英语戏剧的常见格式。

要点摘要
  • 背景：干旱饥荒，继母逼父亲遗弃孩子到森林。Hansel听到后制定逃生计划。
  • 第一场：继母叫醒孩子，给面包（到森林才能吃），Hansel说别担心有计画。
  • 第二场：父亲沿路扔白石头做标记，等月亮明亮时可见石头引路回家。
  • 第三场：孩子们靠石头回家，继母生气，命令第二天再去森林，Hansel想看月亮被拒。