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高中 · 人教版2025 · 必修第二册 · Unit 2
Reading and Thinking
A Day in the Clouds
云中的一天
The air is thin and we have to rest several times on the short hike from camp. To our left, snow-covered mountains disappear into clouds that seem almost close enough to touch. On the plain in front of us, we can just make out a herd of graceful animals. This is why we're here — to observe Tibetan antelopes.
空气很稀薄,我们不得不在从营地出发的短途徒步旅行中休息几次。在我们的左边,白雪皑皑的山脉消失在云层中,看上去几乎触手可及。在我们面前的平原上,我们隐约看到一群体形优美的动物。这就是为什么我们在这里——观察藏羚羊。
make out
that seem almost close enough to touch 定语从句

clouds that seem almost close enough to touch 中 that 引导定语从句修饰 clouds。seem 是系动词,close enough to touch 作表语。

enough 的用法:adj./adv. + enough + to do 表示"足够……以至于能……"。如 old enough to go to school(够大可以上学)。

to observe 不定式表目的

to observe Tibetan antelopes 是不定式短语作目的状语,说明"为什么来这里"。破折号后面的不定式对前面进行解释说明。

不定式表目的可置于句首或句末,置于句末时更简洁。如:I came here to learn English.

Tibetan antelopes live on the plains of Tibet, Xinjiang, and Qinghai. Watching them move slowly across the green grass, I'm struck by their beauty. I'm also reminded of the danger they are in. They are being hunted, illegally, for their valuable fur.
藏羚羊生活在西藏、新疆和青海的平原上。看着它们在绿色的草地上缓慢移动,我被它们的美丽打动了。我还想起了它们所处的危险。因其珍贵的羊毛,它们正遭受非法猎杀。
remind sb of sb/sth
Watching them move... 现在分词作状语

Watching them move slowly across the green grass 是现在分词短语作时间/伴随状语,逻辑主语是 I(I watch them move...)。

注意:watch sb do sth 中 do 是不带 to 的不定式(省略to),强调看到动作全过程。比较:watch sb doing sth 强调看到动作正在进行。

are being hunted 现在进行时被动语态

They are being hunted 使用了现在进行时的被动语态(am/is/are + being + 过去分词),表示此刻正在被猎杀,或现阶段持续被猎杀。

进行时被动强调动作的持续性和当下性。比较:They are hunted(一般现在时被动)强调经常性/事实。

My guide is Zhaxi, a villager from Changtang. He works at the Changtang National Nature Reserve. The reserve is a shelter for the animals and plants of northwestern Tibet. To Zhaxi, the land is sacred and protecting the wildlife is a way of life. "We're not trying to save the animals," he says. "Actually, we're trying to save ourselves."
我的导游是羌塘的一位村民扎西。他在羌塘国家级自然保护区工作。该保护区是西藏西北地区动植物的庇护所。对于扎西来说,这片土地是神圣的,保护野生动植物是一种生活方式。他说:"我们不是在拯救动物。其实我们是在拯救自己。"
protecting the wildlife is 动名词作主语

protecting the wildlife is a way of life 中动名词短语作主语,谓语用单数 is。

动名词与不定式作主语的区别:动名词作主语表示一般性、习惯性的动作;不定式作主语表示具体的、一次性的动作。此处"保护野生动物"是一种长期生活方式,用动名词更贴切。

The 1980s and 1990s were bad times for the Tibetan antelope. The population dropped by more than 50 percent. Hunters were shooting antelopes to make profits. Their habitats were becoming smaller as new roads and railways were built.
上个世纪80年代和90年代对于藏羚羊来说是一个糟糕的时期。藏羚羊的数量下降了50%以上。猎人为了赚钱而射杀羚羊。随着新公路和铁路的修建,它们的栖息地变得越来越小。
dropped by 下降幅度表达

dropped by more than 50 percent 中 by 表示变化的幅度。by + 数字 = 变化了……(强调差额)。

比较:drop to 50 percent 降至50%(强调结果)。by 和 to 的区别是高考常考点。

as 引导时间状语从句

as new roads and railways were built 中 as 表示"随着",引导时间状语从句,强调主从句动作同时发生。

as/when/while 辨析:as 强调"伴随/同时";when 可指时间点或段;while 强调"在某段时间内"且从句通常用进行时。

In order to save this species from extinction, the Chinese government placed it under national protection. Zhaxi and other volunteers watched over the antelopes day and night to keep them safe from attacks. Bridges and gates were added to let the antelopes move easily and keep them safe from cars and trains.
为了使这个物种免于灭绝,中国政府将其置于国家保护之下。扎西和其他志愿者昼夜守卫着羚羊,保护它们免受袭击。桥梁和大门的增设,让藏羚羊可以轻松移动,并使它们免受汽车和火车的伤害。
watch over
keep sb/sth safe from 使……免受……

keep them safe from attacks 中 keep + 宾语 + 形容词(宾补),表示"使……保持……状态"。safe from 表示"免受……的安全的"。

类似结构:keep the room clean(保持房间整洁);keep the children away from danger(让孩子们远离危险)。

The measures were effective. The antelope population has recovered and in June 2015, the Tibetan antelope was removed from the endangered species list. The government, however, does not intend to stop the protection programmes, since the threats to the Tibetan antelope have not yet disappeared.
这些措施是有效的。藏羚羊的数量已经恢复,2015年6月,藏羚羊从濒危物种名单中被剔除。但是,由于对藏羚羊的威胁尚未消失,政府并没有打算停止这些保护项目。
since 引导原因状语从句

since the threats to the Tibetan antelope have not yet disappeared 中 since 表示"既然;因为",引导原因状语从句,通常表示对方已知的事实或显然的理由。

because/since/as/for 辨析:because 语气最强,回答 why;since = 既然(已知事实);as 语气较弱;for 是并列连词,补充说明。

In the evening, I drink a cup of tea and watch the stars. I think about the antelopes and what Zhaxi told me. Much is being done to protect wildlife, but if we really want to save the planet, we must change our way of life. Only when we learn to exist in harmony with nature can we stop being a threat to wildlife and to our planet.
晚上,我喝着茶,看着星星。我想起了藏羚羊和扎西告诉我的。为了保护野生动物,我们已经做了很多工作,但是如果我们真的想拯救地球,就必须改变生活方式。只有学会与大自然和谐相处,我们才不会成为野生动植物和地球的威胁。
exist in harmony with
Only when... 部分倒装

Only when we learn to exist in harmony with nature can we stop being a threat 使用了部分倒装。当 Only + 状语从句置于句首时,主句需部分倒装(将助动词 can 提至主语 we 前)。

注意:Only 修饰主语时不倒装。Only he knows the truth.(√) Only when he comes can we start.(√ 倒装)

此结构是高考必考语法点,几乎年年出现。

Much is being done 被动进行时

Much is being done to protect wildlife 使用现在进行时被动语态,强调"正在持续做大量工作"。Much 是代词作主语,指代"许多保护工作"。

不定式 to protect 作目的状语,修饰 is being done。

要点摘要
  • 高原徒步:作者在海拔高处观察藏羚羊,被其美丽打动
  • 面临危险:藏羚羊因珍贵皮毛遭非法猎杀
  • 扎西理念:羌塘保护区村民认为保护野生动物就是保护人类自己
  • 黑暗时期:80-90年代藏羚羊数量骤降50%以上
  • 保护措施:中国政府立法保护、志愿者昼夜看守、增设桥梁通道
  • 成效与持续:2015年藏羚羊脱离濒危名单,但保护仍在继续
  • 感悟反思:保护野生动物需要从根本上改变生活方式,与自然和谐共处